Converters

Roman Numeral Converter

Convert numbers to Roman numerals and back — with validation of proper numeral form.

Number → Roman

Roman → number

Standard Roman numerals cover 1–3999 (I to MMMCMXCIX).

About this tool

Tattoo dates, clock faces, movie sequels, outline numbering — Roman numerals persist everywhere. Convert any number from 1 to 3999 into its numeral, or decode a numeral back to a number, both directions live.

The decoder validates properly: malformed input like "IIII" or "VX" is flagged as invalid rather than silently misread — important when the numeral is going on skin or in print.

How to use

  1. Type a number (1–3999) on the left for its Roman numeral.
  2. Or type a numeral on the right to decode it.
  3. Invalid numerals are flagged immediately.

Frequently asked questions

MMXXVI — MM (2000) + XX (20) + VI (6).

Standard notation has no symbol beyond M (1000) and repeats a symbol at most three times; larger numbers historically used an overline, which plain text can't show.

Subtractive notation: a smaller symbol before a larger one subtracts. IV = 5−1. (Clock faces sometimes use IIII purely for visual balance.)